Warm the pan: Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Choose a wide pan so the turkey browns instead of steaming.
Brown the turkey: Add the ground turkey. Break it up with a spatula and cook until lightly browned, about 4–5 minutes.
Season with a pinch of salt and pepper.
Sauté aromatics: Stir in the onion, bell pepper, and garlic. Cook 3–4 minutes until the onion softens and turns translucent.
Add the spices: Sprinkle in chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, oregano, remaining salt, black pepper, and red pepper flakes if using. Stir for 30–60 seconds to bloom the spices.
Stir in tomato base: Add tomato paste and diced tomatoes.
Mix until the turkey is coated and the tomato paste is fully combined.
Soften the cabbage: Add the shredded cabbage and pour in the broth. Toss well to combine, then cover and cook for 3–4 minutes to help the cabbage wilt.
Finish cooking: Remove the lid and continue cooking, stirring occasionally, for another 4–6 minutes. The cabbage should be tender-crisp and most of the liquid absorbed.
Adjust and enrich: Taste and adjust salt, pepper, and heat.
If you like it cheesy, sprinkle the shredded cheese over the top, cover for 1–2 minutes to melt.
Garnish and serve: Top with avocado, cilantro, and a squeeze of lime. Add a dollop of sour cream if you like.